Written by Steven Hansen
The U.S. new cases 7-day rolling average is 9.9 % lower than the 7-day rolling average one week ago. U.S. deaths due to coronavirus reached a high not seen in over a month and are now 25.4 % HIGHER than the rolling average one week ago. At the end of this post is a set of interactive graphs and tables for the world and individual States – as well as today’s headlines which include;
- 60 percent of US businesses closures since March are permanent
- China inoculates thousands before trials are completed
- The U.S. says it plans to start distributing a vaccine within 24 hours of approval
- Lilly announces proof of concept data for neutralizing antibody LY-CoV555 in the COVID-19 outpatient setting
- Pfizer says late-stage coronavirus vaccine study shows moderate side effects
- We Should Have Treated COVID as a Natural Disaster, Not a Public Health Emergency
- CDC: Most Kids Dying From Coronavirus Had Underlying Conditions
- Hospitals Failed to Fully Contain Covid-19 Inside Their Walls
- WHO doesn’t recommend coronavirus passports because immunity remains questionable
- OECD Sees Global GDP Return to Pre-Pandemic Level in 2021
My continuing advice is to continue to wash your hands, wear masks, and maintain social distancing. No handwashing, mask, or social distancing will guarantee you do not get infected – but it sure as hell lowers the risk in all situations – and evidence to-date shows a lower severity of COVID-19. In addition, certain activities are believed to carry higher risk – like being inside in air conditioning and removing your mask (such as restaurants, around your children/grandchildren, bars, and gyms). It is all about viral load – and outdoor activities are generally very safe.
The daily number of new cases in the U.S. is remaining stubbornly and embarrassedly high.
The following graphs show the 7-day rolling average for new coronavirus cases and deaths have been updated through 16 September 2020:
z coronavirus.png
Coronavirus Statistics For 16 September 2020 |
| U.S. Only | Global | U.S Percentage of Total | ||||
| Today*** | Cumulative | Today*** | Cumulative | Today | Cumulative | |
| New Confirmed Cases | 39,785 | 6,610,000 | 284,280 | 29,610,000 | 14.0% | 22.3% |
| Deaths** | 1,407 | 195,937 | 6,717 | 935,767 | 20.9% | 20.9% |
| Mortality Rate | 3.5% | 3.0% | 2.4% | 3.2% | ||
total COVID-19 Tests per 1,000 people | 1.39* | 292.40* | ||||
* as of 11 Sep 2020
** evidently several States included “probable” deaths today in the number
*** red color indicates record number
Coronavirus News You May Have Missed
In coronavirus vaccine race, China inoculates thousands before trials are completed – Reuters
China is inoculating tens of thousands of its citizens with experimental coronavirus vaccines and attracting international interest in their development, despite expert concerns over the safety of drugs that have not completed standard testing.
China launched a vaccine emergency use programme in July, offering three experimental shots developed by a unit of state pharmaceutical giant China National Pharmaceutical Group (Sinopharm) and U.S.-listed Sinovac Biotech SVA.O. A fourth COVID-19 vaccine being developed by CanSino Biologics 6185.HK was approved for use by the Chinese military in June.
Aiming to protect essential workers and reduce the likelihood of a resurgence, the vaccines are also grabbing attention in the global scramble by governments to secure supplies, potentially helping reframe China’s perceived role in the pandemic.
Beijing has not released official data on the uptake in domestic targeted groups, which include medical, transport and food market workers.
Animal Testing Discovers New Antibody Component for Fight against COVID – National Review
The animal-rights movement lies when it claims that research using animals offers no human benefit. But the propaganda is having an impact. According to Gallup, a whopping 39 percent of Americans believe that animal research is not moral, versus 56 percent who think it is. In 2019, only 51 percent found it moral. Those are alarming figures, even though support remains in the majority, because it means that tens of millions of us oppose this crucial area of scientific inquiry.
That is why it is good, from time to time, to highlight important examples of animal research with the potential to move science and medicine forward exponentially. The University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine has just announced that they have discovered a new antibody component — the tiniest known — in animal studies that shows great promise in overcoming COVID-19. From the press release:
‘University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine scientists have isolated the smallest biological molecule to date that completely and specifically neutralizes the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which is the cause of COVID-19. This antibody component, which is 10 times smaller than a full-sized antibody, has been used to construct a drug — known as Ab8 — for potential use as a therapeutic and prophylactic against SARS-CoV-2.’
‘The researchers report today in the journal Cell that Ab8 is highly effective in preventing and treating SARS-CoV-2 infection in mice and hamsters. Its tiny size not only increases its potential for diffusion in tissues to better neutralize the virus, but also makes it possible to administer the drug by alternative routes, including inhalation. Importantly, it does not bind to human cells — a good sign that it won’t have negative side-effects in people.’
This shows how animal studies — supplemented by non-animal approaches such as using human cell lines — work together to move science forward. Let us hope this research moves toward human application strongly, as our president might put it.
[editor’s note: see post below]
- Li-Meng Yan’s account was taken down on Tuesday after she accused China of intentionally manufacturing and releasing COVID-19
- Yan has since claimed she was suspended because ‘they don’t want the people to know this truth’
- Yan alleges to be a former researcher at the Hong Kong School of Public Health
- She published a report this week that she claims backs up her theory that China created the virus in a lab
- Scientists have since slammed her report as ‘unsubstantiated’ and said it ‘cannot be given any credibility’
- Yan’s claims are at odds with Dr Anthony Fauci who has previously disputed that the virus was made in a lab
[editor’s note: you may want to read this too: Fact-check: Does a New Study Give Evidence that COVID-19 Was Made In a Lab?]
Hours after her unceremonious Twitter ban for, we assume, presenting evidence that SARS-CoV-2 was created in a Wuhan lab, Chinese virologist Dr. Li-Meng Yan appeared on “Tucker Carlson Tonight,” where she told the Fox News host that the virus is a “Frankenstein” which was designed to target humans which was intentionally released.
“It could never come from nature,” she Yan – an MD/PhD who worked with coronavirus at the University of Hong Kong
“There is evidence left in the genome” – which Yan detailed in a 26-page scientific paper co-written with three other Chinese scientists. “They don’t want people to know this truth. Also, that’s why I get suspended [from Twitter], I get suppression. I am the target that the Chinese Communist Party wants disappeared.”
When Carlson asked her why she believes the virus made it’s way out of the Wuhan lab, Dr. Yan said “I worked in the WHO reference lab, which is the top coronavirus lab in the world at the university of Hong Kong. And the things I got deeply into such investigation in secret from the early beginning of this outbreak – I had my intelligence through my network in China, involved in the hospitals, institutes and also government.“
“Together with my experience, I can tell you – this is created in a lab.“
Hospitals Failed to Fully Contain Covid-19 Inside Their Walls – Wall Street Journal
CDC data suggests U.S. hospitals made improvements but could have done more to prevent in-house spread of the new coronavirus
An average of 120 patients a day became infected with the new coronavirus inside U.S. hospitals as the pandemic ebbed from its spring peak and rebounded into the summer, according to previously unpublished federal data.
The numbers, provided to The Wall Street Journal by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, offer one of the widest lenses yet into how hospitals nationwide handled infection control while adapting to a new virus and managing shortages of equipment used to protect health-care workers, who can inadvertently…
[editor’s note: although zero would be a better number, in the scheme of things 120 people per day is 0.3% of the daily cases]
- Primary endpoint of viral load change from baseline at day 11 was met for one of three doses; consistent effects of viral reduction seen at earlier time points
- Rate of hospitalizations and ER visits was 1.7 percent (5/302) for LY-CoV555 versus 6 percent (9/150) for placebo–a 72 percent risk reduction in this limited population
- LY-CoV555 was well-tolerated across all doses with no drug-related serious adverse events reported
Pfizer says late-stage coronavirus vaccine study shows moderate side effects – Reuters
Pfizer Inc said on Tuesday participants were showing mild-to-moderate side effects when given either the company’s experimental coronavirus vaccine or a placebo in an ongoing late-stage study.
Over 12,000 study participants had received a second dose of the vaccine, Pfizer executives said on an investor conference call.
Pfizer Inc said on Tuesday participants were showing mild-to-moderate side effects when given either the company’s experimental coronavirus vaccine or a placebo in an ongoing late-stage study.
Over 12,000 study participants had received a second dose of the vaccine, Pfizer executives said on an investor conference call.
… The comments follow rival AstraZeneca’s COVID-19 vaccine trials being put on hold worldwide on Sept. 6 after a serious side effect was reported in a volunteer in Britain.
AstraZeneca’s trials resumed in Britain and Brazil on Monday following the green light from British regulators, but remain on hold in the United States.
UK tests if COVID-19 vaccines might work better inhaled – AP
British scientists are beginning a small study comparing how two experimental coronavirus vaccines might work when they are inhaled by people instead of being injected.
In a statement on Monday, researchers at Imperial College London and Oxford University said a trial involving 30 people would test vaccines developed by both institutions when participants inhale the droplets in their mouths, which would directly target their respiratory systems.
Larger studies of the Imperial and Oxford vaccine are already under way, but this study aims to see if the vaccines might be more effective if they are inhaled.
World Health Organization announces distribution plan for COVID-19 vaccine – ABC News
The World Health Organization and its appointed Strategic Advisory Group of Experts on Immunization, or SAGE, have released a worldwide vaccine distribution plan — it pushes back on so-called vaccine nationalism, the idea that each country should prioritize its own citizens.
Instead, the WHO touts a global approach, prioritizing vaccination among the most vulnerable people everywhere.
“The first priority must be to vaccinate some people in all the countries, rather than all the people in some countries,” WHO Director-General Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus said in Geneva on Friday. “Vaccine nationalism will prolong the pandemic, not shorten it.”
The WHO’s proposed vaccine distribution framework ensures all countries access to the novel coronavirus vaccine once it becomes available. Participating upper- and middle-income countries, also called “self-financing” countries, will provide funding for the vaccine accelerator program, abbreviated COVAX, knowing that the long-term goal is global prosperity.
Seventy-eight wealthier countries have endorsed the program, with Germany, Japan, Norway and the European Commission this week expressing an interest in participating in the COVAX facility as self-financing countries. So far, a total of 170 nations intend to participate in COVAX, representing about 70% of the world’s population. The United States is not among them.
We Should Have Treated COVID as a Natural Disaster, Not a Public Health Emergency – Slate
As doctors, we encouraged the response to be driven solely by public health considerations and standards, but those turned out to be wrong on several important points—most notably mask-wearing and asymptomatic spread. What if we had treated this as a complex disaster, and let the expertise of disaster planning machinery be used to furnish the immediate crisis response we needed? When an earthquake happens, we don’t rely on geologists to sort out how to dig people out of the rubble. Perhaps disaster planners wouldn’t have been so hung up on whether there were randomized controlled trials on the efficacy of mask-wearing before suggesting them. As a colleague remarked, we don’t ask for evidence on hurricane shelters when there’s a hurricane. With masks, we knew that other countries that have been through this before use them, and were using them again. We could have let that guide us, framing masks as a possible preventative measure that could help slow the spread, with little downside. But we didn’t, because the evidence didn’t meet public health standards. Until it did—and more recent research suggests that masks, even cloth ones, actually do contribute some protection to the wearer.
[editor’s note: this is a think piece and deserves a full read]
CDC: Most Kids Dying From Coronavirus Had Underlying Conditions – MedPage
Among American children and teens who died of COVID-19, a large majority had an underlying medical condition or were nonwhite, CDC researchers found.
From Feb. 12 to July 31, 121 deaths of patients under age 21 were reported to the CDC, of whom 75% had underlying medical conditions, such as asthma, obesity, neurologic/developmental conditions, and cardiac conditions, while a quarter were previously healthy, reported Danae Bixler, MD, of the CDC in Atlanta, and colleagues.
Nearly half had two or more underlying conditions, the researchers said in an early Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report edition.
Also, 45% of fatal cases were Hispanic, 29% were non-Hispanic Black, and 4% were non-Hispanic American Indian/Alaska Native.
Most deaths were in pediatric patients ages 10-20, with a median age of 16 (IQR 7-19); but 10% were in infants and 20% were in children 1-9.
[editor’s note: read the next post]
The Majority Of Children Who Die From COVID-19 Are Children Of Color – NPR
The vast majority of children dying from COVID-19 are Hispanic, Black or Native American, according to a new report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Researchers analyzed the number of coronavirus cases and deaths among people under the age of 21 that were reported to the CDC between Feb. 12 and July 31 of this year. They found more than 390,000 cases and 121 deaths.
They also found a staggering racial disparity. Of the children who died, 78% were children of color: 45% were Hispanic, 29% were Black and 4% were non-Hispanic American Indian or Alaska Native.
“It’s heartbreaking,” says Dr. Preeti Malani, an infectious disease specialist at the University of Michigan.
“The 121 deaths are a tiny fraction of the more than 190,000 deaths that have been reported in the United States,” says Malani. “But for a long time, it was believed that children didn’t die from this.”
OECD Sees Global GDP Return to Pre-Pandemic Level in 2021 – Statista
The OECD released its interim Economic Outlook report on Wednesday, providing us with an updated look at the coronavirus pandemic’s effect on the world economy. Striking a slightly more positive tone than the previous edition published in June, the report finds that “economic output recovered swiftly following the easing of measures to contain the COVID-19 pandemic and the initial re-opening of businesses.” However, it also notes that the “pace of recovery has lost momentum over the summer,” adding that restoring confidence will be key to successful economic recovery.
The OECD expects all G20 countries except China to fall into recession this year, with a swift but fragile recovery projected for 2021. As the following chart shows, the OECD expects global GDP to return to its pre-pandemic level by Q3 2021, however, economic output is expected to remain below late-2019 levels in many countries, not to mention the levels projected before the pandemic hit. The report also notes that uncertainty remains high and that the strength of the recovery depends on numerous variables, resulting in an upside and a downside scenario, also displayed in our chart.
“Prospects for an inclusive, resilient and sustainable economic growth will depend on a range of factors,” the report finds. These include “the likelihood of new outbreaks of the virus, how well individuals observe health measures and restrictions, consumer and business confidence, and the extent to which government support to maintain jobs and help businesses succeeds in boosting demand.” All things considered, the OECD projects global GDP to fall by 4.5 percent this year before growing 5 percent in 2021.
You will find more infographics at Statista
CDC Director Says COVID-19 Vaccine Likely Won’t Be Widely Available Until Next Year – NPR
Top Trump administration health officials testified Wednesday that a vaccine for COVID-19 is not likely to be widely available until next spring or summer, and that wearing a mask, in the words of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Director Robert Redfield, remains “the most important, powerful public health tool we have.”
“I might even go so far as to say that this face mask is more guaranteed to protect me against COVID than when I take a COVID vaccine,” Redfield told a Senate panel Wednesday.
Redfield, along with Adm. Brett Giroir, head of the Trump administration’s testing effort, and Bob Kadlec, who heads the Department of Health and Human Services preparedness and response efforts, appeared before a Senate subcommittee on response to the coronavirus pandemic.
Yelp: 60 percent of US businesses closures since March are permanent – The Hill
A Yelp report released Wednesday determined that about 60 percent of business closures across the country since March are permanent, a staggering statistic that shows the widespread economic impact of the coronavirus pandemic.
Yelp’s September Local Economic Impact report concluded that 97,966 businesses on Yelp have permanently closed between March 1, shortly before most U.S. shutdowns, and Aug. 31. In total, 163,735 businesses on Yelp have experienced closures in that time period.
The total number of business closures, both temporary and permanent, on Yelp has risen by 23 percent since July 10 when the company released its Q2 Yelp Economic Average report.
The restaurant industry has taken a particularly hard hit during the pandemic, with 32,109 restaurants on Yelp closing and 19,590 of those — 61 percent — being permanent. The bars and nightlife industry has seen 6,451 closures; 54 percent of those are permanent.
Other industries impacted during the pandemic include retail and shopping, which has seen 30,374 business closures, 58 percent of which are permanent, and beauty, which has seen 16,585 closures, 42 percent of which are permanent.
The U.S. says it plans to start distributing a vaccine within 24 hours of approval. – New York Times
Federal officials outlined details Wednesday of their preparations to administer a future coronavirus vaccine to Americans, saying they will begin distribution within 24 hours of any approval or emergency authorization, and that their goal is that no American “has to pay a single dime” out of their own pocket.
The officials, who are part of the federal government’s Operation Warp Speed — the multiagency effort to quickly make a coronavirus vaccine available to Americans — also said the timing of a vaccine is still unclear.
WHO doesn’t recommend coronavirus passports because immunity remains questionable – CNBC
A World Health Organization official said Wednesday that the international agency does not recommend countries issue so-called immunity passports for the coronavirus because scientists are still unsure whether Covid-19 antibodies reduce the risk of reinfection.
Earlier in the pandemic, some countries said they would issue passports or certificates that indicate whether someone has had Covid-19, allowing them to travel or return to work assuming that they are protected.
That idea has since been abandoned because scientists still don’t know how long immunity really lasts, Dr. Jarbas Barbosa, assistant director of WHO’s Pan American Health Organization, said at a press briefing on Wednesday.
Antibodies are generally produced in response to foreign particles or antigens that invade the body and help the body’s immune system fight off infections. Health officials have said there is not enough data yet to indicate that coronavirus antibodies ensure immunity against the virus.
Federal officials unveil plan to provide free coronavirus vaccine – The Hill
The Trump administration on Wednesday outlined a strategy to deliver safe and effective COVID-19 vaccine doses to the American people as quickly as possible, for free.
In a report to Congress and a separate “playbook” for states, the Department of Health and Human Services, in conjunction with the Department of Defense and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) laid out detailed vaccination distribution plans for states, tribal, territorial and local public health programs.
The playbook warned that states have never needed a pandemic response plan that is this complex.
“Significant additional planning is needed to operationalize a vaccination response to COVID-19, which is much larger in scope and complexity than seasonal influenza or other previous outbreak-related vaccination responses,” the agencies said.
The following are foreign headlines with hyperlinks to the posts
The UAE has approved a Chinese-made coronavirus vaccine for emergency use
Germany Grants BioNTech, CureVac $745 Mln to Speed Up COVID-19 Vaccine Work
The following are additional national and state headlines with hyperlinks to the posts
15 families file lawsuit against Farmington [New Mexico] nursing home for COVID-19 deaths
As Economic Recovery Slows, Fed Pledges Full Support At Least Until 2023
Big Ten Reverses Decision, Will Start Football Season In October
People Are Spending More On Furniture, Clothes, Restaurants And Bars
Low-income college enrollment takes hit during pandemic
Ohio man goes viral for inventing social-distanced trick-or-treating method for pandemic
Supreme Court justices to hear arguments by phone to start new term
US FDA’s Hahn Plans ‘Significant’ Work With AstraZeneca in COVID-19 Trial Inquiry
Hawaii Loses Half of Economic Recovery Amid 2nd COVID Lockdown, Case Spike
Though Most Crime Rates Fell, Arson Surged During Pandemic, FBI Says
Caputo will take a leave of absence from Health Department.
Dr. Robert Redfield, director of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, told lawmakers that face coverings are “the most powerful public health tool” the nation has against the coronavirus and might even provide better protection against it than a vaccine.
‘We underestimated the value of masks,’ Bill Gates says
Poll: Pandemic Worsens Minorities’ Income And Savings
Today’s Posts On Econintersect Showing Impact Of The Pandemic With Hyperlinks
16 September 2020 FOMC Meeting Statement: A Lot Of Discussion On Inflation
July 2020 Business Inventories Little Changed
Headline Retail Sales Improves in August 2020
Rate Of COVID Infection In US Children Rising
COVID-19 Is The Most Important Event In 80 Years, But This Is Far More Important Yet.
Warning to Readers
The amount of politically biased articles on the internet continues to increase. And studies and opinions of the experts continue to contradict other studies and expert opinions. Honestly, it is difficult to believe anything anymore. A study usually cannot establish cause and effect – but only correlation. Be very careful what you believe about this pandemic.
I assemble this coronavirus update daily – sifting through the posts on the internet. I try to avoid politically slanted posts (mostly from CNN, New York Times, and the Washington Post) and can usually find unslanted posts on that subject from other sources on the internet. I wait to publish posts on subjects that I cannot validate across several sources. But after all this extra work, I do not know if I have conveyed the REAL facts. It is my job to provide information so that you have the facts necessary – and then it is up to readers to draw conclusions.
Coronavirus INTERACTIVE Charts
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Analyst Opinion of Coronavirus Data
There are several takeaways that need to be understood when viewing coronavirus statistical data:
- The global counts are suspect for a variety of reasons including political. Even the U.S. count has issues as it is possible that as much as half the population has had coronavirus and was asymptomatic. It would be a far better metric using a random sampling of the population weekly. In short, we do not understand the size of the error in the tracking numbers.
- Just because some of the methodology used in aggregating the data in the U.S. is flawed – as long as the flaw is uniformly applied – you establish a baseline. This is why it is dangerous to compare two countries as they likely use different methodologies to determine who has (and who died) from coronavirus.
- COVID-19 and the flu are different but can have similar symptoms. For sure, COVID-19 so far is much more deadly than the flu. [click here to compare symptoms]
- From an industrial engineering point of view, one can argue that it is best to flatten the curve only to the point that the health care system is barely able to cope. This solution only works if-and-only-if one can catch this coronavirus once and develops immunity. In the case of COVID-19, herd immunity may need to be in the 80% to 85% range. WHO warns that few have developed antibodies to COVID-19. At this point, herd immunity does not look like an option although there is now a discussion of whether T-Cells play a part in immunity [which means one might have immunity without antibodies]
- Older population countries will have a higher death rate.
- There are at least 8 strains of the coronavirus. New York may have a deadlier strain imported from Europe, compared to less deadly viruses elsewhere in the United States.
- Each publication uses different cutoff times for its coronavirus statistics. Our data uses 11:00 am London time. Also, there is an unexplained variation in the total numbers both globally and in the U.S.
- The real question remains if the U.S. is over-reacting to this virus. The following graphic from the CDC puts the annual flu burden in perspective [click on image to enlarge]. Note that using this data is dangerous as the actual flu cases are estimated and not counted – nobody knows how accurate these guesses are.
What we do not know about the coronavirus [actually there is little scientifically proven information]. Most of our knowledge is anecdotal, from studies with limited subjects, or from studies without peer review.
- How many people have been infected as many do not show symptoms?
- Masks do work.
- Do we develop lasting immunity to the coronavirus? Another coronavirus – the simple cold – does not develop long term immunity.
- To what degree do people who never develop symptoms contribute to transmission?
- The US has scaled up coronavirus testing – and the accuracy of the tests has been improving. However, if one loses immunity – the coronavirus testing value is reduced.
- Can children widely spread coronavirus? [current thinking is that they are becoming a major source of the pandemic spread]
- Why have some places avoided big coronavirus outbreaks – and others hit hard?
- What effect will the weather have? At this point, it does not seem hot weather slows this coronavirus down – and it seems air conditioning contributes to its spread.
- Outdoor activities seem to be a lower risk than indoor activities.
- Can the world really push out an effective vaccine in 12 to 18 months?
- Will other medical treatments for Covid-19 ease symptoms and reduce deaths? So far only one drug (remdesivir) is approved for treatment.
- A current scientific understanding of the way the coronavirus works can be found [here].
Heavy breakouts of coronavirus have hit farm workers. Farmworkers are essential to the food supply. They cannot shelter at home. Consider:
- they have high rates of the respiratory disease [occupational hazard]
- they travel on crowded buses chartered by their employers
- few have health insurance
- they cannot social distance and live two to four to a room – and they eat together
- some reports say half are undocumented
- they are low paid and cannot afford not to work – so they will go to work sick
- they do not have access to sanitation when working
- a coronavirus outbreak among farmworkers can potentially shutter entire farm
The bottom line is that COVID-19 so far has been shown to be much more deadly than the data on the flu. Using CDC data, the flu has a mortality rate between 0.06 % and 0.11 % Vs. the coronavirus which to date has a mortality rate of 4 % [the 4% is the average of overall statistics – however in the last few months it has been hovering around 1.0%] – which makes it between 10 and 80 times more deadly. The reason for ranges:
Because influenza surveillance does not capture all cases of flu that occur in the U.S., CDC provides these estimated ranges to better reflect the larger burden of influenza.
There will be a commission set up after this pandemic ends to find fault [it is easy to find fault when a once-in-a-lifetime event occurs] and to produce recommendations for the next time a pandemic happens. Those that hate President Trump will conclude the virus is his fault.
Resources:
- Get the latest public health information from CDC: https://www.coronavirus.gov .
- Get the latest research from NIH: https://www.nih.gov/coronavirus.
- Find NCBI SARS-CoV-2 literature, sequence, and clinical content: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sars-cov-2/.
- List of studies: https://icite.od.nih.gov/covid19/search/#search:searchId=5ee124ed70bb967c49672dad
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